Diet and Calcium Stones
Hughes J; Norman RW
Canadian Medical Association Journal, 1992 Jan 15, 146(2):137-43
Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:
To review the current literature on the dietary modification of
urinary risk factors as a means of reducing the likelihood of
recurrent stone formation and to develop practical dietary
recommendations that might be useful to this end.
DATA SOURCES:
MEDLINE was
searched for English-language articles published from 1983 to
1990. Additional references were selected from the bibliographies
of identified articles.
STUDY SELECTION:
Nonrandomized trials and retrospective reviews were included
because of a paucity of randomized controlled trials.
DATA SYNTHESIS:
Information on the dietary intake of calcium, oxalate, protein,
sodium and fibre and on alcohol and fluid intake was used to
develop practical guidelines on dietary modification.
CONCLUSION:
Dietary modification plays an important role in the reduction of
urinary risk factors in patients with calcium stone disease of
the urinary tract. As an initial form of prevention attention
should be directed toward moderating the intake of calcium,
oxalate, protein, sodium and alcohol and increasing the intake of
fibre and water. Future research should include an assessment of
the long-term reduction of dietary and urinary risk factors and
the rates of recurrence of calcium stones.
